APARC Publications

Shorenstein APARC Publications
Sharing scholarship and insight on pressing Asia-Pacific topics
Our publishing program
We disseminate research and insight by the Shorenstein APARC intellectual community through an active publishing program that includes an array of books, working papers, and policy briefs. In addition, our faculty and researchers publish extensively in peer-reviewed, academic journals and in scholarly and trade presses. They also frequently provide commentary on newsworthy topics affecting Asia and U.S.-Asia relations.
Featured Publications

Providing a Unique View into Life in North Korea
Drawing on his extensive in-country experience, Andray Abrahamian’s new book, ‘Being in North Korea,’ addresses the question "What is it like there?", revealing North Koreans as individuals and a North Korea that is changing.

Analyzing China-Southeast Asia Relations in the 21st Centurry
In Donald K. Emmerson’s new edited volume, ‘The Deer and the Dragon,’ experts explore how Southeast Asian nations are navigating complex challenges in relation to their powerful and increasingly assertive neighbor.

Understanding the Determinants of China’s Future Trajectories
Analyzing the factors and constraints that shape Chinese actors’ decisions in managing the daunting challenges they now face, a new volume helps decisionmakers interpret and respond to developments in and by China.
APARC Monograph Series with Stanford University Press
Jointly with Stanford University Press, the Center produces the series Studies of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, featuring academic research by our faculty and scholars.
APARC In-House Series with the Brookings Institution Press
The Center produces a self-published book series featuring policy-relevant research and analysis by our scholars and affiliates. Titles in this series are distributed by Brookings Institution Press.
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Book
Fateful Decisions: Choices That Will Shape China's Future
Jean C. Oi, Thomas Fingar
2020
Explore our series of multimedia interviews and Q&As with the contributors to this volume:
Journal Article
China’s Challenges: Now It Gets Much Harder
Thomas Fingar, Jean C. Oi
The Washington Quarterly ,
2020
The easy phases of China’s quest for wealth and power are over. After forty years, every one of a set of favorable conditions has diminished or vanished, and China’s future, neither inevitable nor immutable, will be shaped by the policy choices of party leaders facing at least eleven difficult challenges, including the novel coronavirus.
Journal Article
Smoking, Life Expectancy, and Chronic Disease in South Korea, Singapore, and the United States: A Microsimulation Model
Daejung Kim, Cynthia Chen, Bryan Tysinger, Sungchul Park, Ming Zhe Chong, Lijia Wang, Michelle Zhao, Jian-Min Yuan, Woon-Puay Koh, Joanne Yoong, Jay Bhattacharya, Karen Eggleston
Health Economics ,
2019
The substantial social and economic burden attributable to smoking is well‐known, with heavy smokers at higher risk of chronic disease and premature mortality than light smokers and nonsmokers. In aging societies with high rates of male smoking such as in East Asia, smoking is a leading preventable risk factor for extending lives (including work‐lives) and healthy aging.
Journal Article
Healing One-Fifth of Humanity: Progress and Challenges for China's Health System
Karen Eggleston,
Milken Institute Review ,
2019
In the 2019 fourth quarter edition of the Milken Institute Review, Asia Health Policy Program director Karen Eggleston discusses the progress China has made since the 2009 reforms to its healthcare, which brought basic coverage to all and reduced patients' share of costs, and explains the many challenges that remain, including increasing the system's efficiency to ensure its sustainability and addressing the disparities in healthcare that echo the "yawning gap in living standards between China's rising middle class and its poorest citizens."
Working Paper
Healing One-fifth of Humanity: Progress and Challenges for China’s Health System
Karen Eggleston,
Karen Eggleston
Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 56 ,
2019
China’s national health reforms over the past two decades have brought the system closer to the modern, safe, reliable and accessible health system that is commensurate with China’s dramatic economic growth, improvement in living standards, and high hopes for the next generation.
Book
Understanding "Value for Money" in Healthy Ageing (chapter in ebook)
Karen Eggleston,
2019
In Live Long and Prosper?, a new eBook edited by David Bloom, AHPP director Karen Eggleston contributes the chapter "Understanding 'Value for Money' in Healthy Ageing," in which she advocates for and explains the concept of "net value of medical care," a metric that helps quantify the social value of spending on healthcare.
Book
Agents of Disorder: Inside China's Cultural Revolution
Andrew G. Walder,
2019
By May 1966, just seventeen years after its founding, the People’s Republic of China had become one of the most powerfully centralized states in modern history. But that summer everything changed. Mao Zedong called for students to attack intellectuals and officials who allegedly lacked commitment to revolutionary principles. Rebels responded by toppling local governments across the country, ushering in nearly two years of conflict that in places came close to civil war and resulted in nearly 1.6 million dead.
Journal Article
Korea’s Migrants: From Homogeneity to Diversity – An Asian Survey Special Section
Gi-Wook Shin, Rennie Moon
Asian Survey ,
2019
Korea’s migrants have diversified in recent decades. A special section of the journal Asian Survey gathers articles that address this development by examining issues of class as an analytical lens in addition to ethnicity and citizenship, and also by considering the contributions of migrants from both human and social capital perspectives. By doing so, the authors aim to provide a better understanding of the varied experiences, realities, and complexities of Korea’s increasingly diverse migrant groups.
Journal Article
Skilled Migrants as Human and Social Capital in Korea
Gi-Wook Shin, Joon Nak Choi, Rennie Moon
Asian Survey ,
2019
South Korea faces a shortage of highly skilled labor, but with a low tolerance for diversity, it lags behind in its global competitiveness to retain mobile skilled talent.
Book
"New Missions, New Challenges, 2005-2008" (chapter in the book Truth to Power)
Thomas Fingar
2019
Truth to Power, the first-ever history of the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC), is told through the reflections of its eight Chairs in the period from the end of the Cold War until 2017. Co-editors Robert Hutchings and Gregory Treverton add a substantial introduction placing the NIC in its historical context going all the way back to the Board of National Estimates in the 1940s, as well as a concluding chapter that highlights key themes and judgments.
Journal Article
Enhancing Financial Protection under China’s Social Health Insurance to Achieve Universal Health Coverage
Hai Fang, Karen Eggleston, Kara Hanson, Ming Wu
BMJ ,
2019
China started comprehensive health system reforms in 2009. An important goal of China’s health system reforms was to achieve universal health coverage through building a social health insurance system. Universal health coverage means that all individuals and communities should get the quality health services they need without incurring financial hardship.
Journal Article
Potential for Inward Foreign Direct Investment in Japan
Takeo Hoshi, Kozo Kiyota
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies ,
2019
Promotion of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) into Japan has been an important policy in the Abenomics growth strategy. This paper examines if we observe positive impacts of the policy in the data. We first estimate a gravity model of bilateral FDIs using data for 35 OECD countries as destination countries. In estimating the model, we handle zero values for FDI stock explicitly. The model includes (origin and destination) country-specific effects as well as destination-country specific time trends.
Journal Article
Forty Years of Formal—but Not yet Normal—Relations
Thomas Fingar
China International Strategy Review ,
2019
Ties between individuals and institutions in the United States and the People’s Republic of China have become broader, deeper, and stronger during the four decades since the establishment of formal diplomatic relations in 1979 and the relationship can no longer be described as fragile. However, it also cannot yet be considered a normal relationship, at least not from the perspective of American citizens, companies, and commentators on international affairs. The relationship between the two largest economies and military powers has many asymmetries.
Journal Article
Financing Longevity: The Economics of Pensions, Health and Long-term Care Insurance
Anita Mukherjee, Karen Eggleston
The Journal of the Economics of Ageing ,
2019
This special issue of The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, edited by Anita Mukherjee and APARC's Asia Health Policy Program Director Karen Eggleston, focuses on a key challenge around the world: financing the many needs that come with longer lives, lower fertility, and older population age structures. The triumph of longevity can pose a challenge to the fiscal integrity of public and private pension systems and other social support programs disproportionately used by older adults.
Journal Article
Economic Impact of Diabetes in South Asia: the Magnitude of the Problem
Kavita Singh, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Karen Eggleston
Current Diabetes Reports ,
2019
With an estimated 84 million people suffering from diabetes in South Asia, the disease imposes substantial economic burdens on individuals, families, and society. Furthermore, since the disease burden increasingly occurs in the most productive midlife period, it adversely affects workforce productivity and macroeconomic development. Diabetes-related complications lead to markedly higher treatment costs, causing catastrophic medical spending for many households, thus underscoring the importance of preventing diabetes-related complications.
Journal Article
1919 in Korea: National Resistance and Contending Legacies
Gi-Wook Shin, Rennie Moon
The Journal of Asian Studies ,
2019
The year 2019 is the centennial of several anti-colonialist movements that emerged in Asia, including the March First Movement of Korea, the first nationwide political protest in Korea under Japanese colonial rule. Although the movement failed to achieve national sovereignty, it left important legacies for Korea and other parts of Asia under foreign dominance.
Journal Article
International Student Networks as Transnational Social Capital: Illustrations from Japan
Gi-Wook Shin, Rennie Moon
Comparative Education ,
2019
This paper examines how social isolation in a non-Anglophone context where English is not the main language of instruction for local students but is for international students, has unintended consequences for social capital formation among the latter. What factors influence international student network formation in such places where linguistic barriers are institutionalised and what are their consequences not only during college but beyond, in shaping students’ career plans?
Book
Transboundary Game of Life: Memoir of Masahiko Aoki
Masahiko Aoki
2019
The central part of this book is an English version of the memoir of Masahiko Aoki that was published in Japanese in 2008 (青木昌彦『私の履歴書 人生越境ゲーム』日本経済新聞出版社).
Policy Brief
Civil Wars, Intrastate Violence, and International Responses
Todd Richardson , (with Karl W. Eikenberry and Belinda A. Yeomans)
2019
From October 22–23, 2018, the U.S.-Asia Security Initiative (USASI) at Stanford University, in conjunction with the Institute for China-U.S.
Journal Article
North Korea in 2018: Kim’s Summit Diplomacy
Gi-Wook Shin, Rennie Moon
Asian Survey ,
2019
Kim Jong-un showcased a series of summit meetings throughout 2018, including the first-ever meeting of a North Korean leader with a sitting US president. North Korea improved its strained relations with China and South Korea. The country’s denuclearization has yet to be seen, but these events sparked considerable debate about the future.
Working Paper
How Individuals’ Birth Weight and Later Risk Factors Interact to Determine Their Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Study in the Philippines
Marjorie Pajaron
Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 54 ,
2019
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are disorders of the heart and blood vessels, are the world’s leading cause of death (WHO, 2016). The transition from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), primarily CVDs, as the primary cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide— combined with the economic burden associated with heart-related diseases—prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) and its regional offices to identify CVDs’ risk factors (WHO, 2016).
Working Paper
Future Projection of the Health and Functional Status of Older People in Japan: A Pseudopanel Microsimulation Model*
Megumi Kasajima, Hideki Hashimoto, Sze-Chuan Suen, Brian Chen, Karen Eggleston, Jay Bhattacharya
Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 55 ,
2019
Background: Precise future projection of population health distribution is imperative for designing an efficient healthcare system in rapidly aging countries. Multistate-transition microsimulation models such as the US Future Elderly Model have been developed based on panel data collection, but these data may not be always available. We proposed a pseudopanel method using repeated cross-sectional representative surveys as a complementary approach, and specifically applied the model to Japan's population.
Working Paper
Weathering the Storm: Weather Shocks and International Migrants from the Philippines
Marjorie Pajaron
Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 51 ,
2019
The growing literature on environmental migration presents conflicting results. While some find that natural disasters induce international migration, others discover a dampening effect. We aim to reconcile these differences by using a comprehensive list of weather shocks from the Philippines, a country prone to natural disasters and a major exporter of labor. We constructed a longitudinal provincial dataset (2005–2015) from an assemblage of administrative and survey datasets and tested linear, quadratic, and lagged models.
Working Paper
The Impact of Adolescents’ Risky Health Behaviors on Their Later Economic Outcomes
Marjorie Pajaron
Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 52 ,
2019
Risky health behaviors such as illicit drug use, smoking, overconsumption of alcohol, violence, and early sexual activity have contemporaneous and intertemporal adverse health and economic outcomes. The health-related and economic costs to individuals and to society overall are particularly pronounced when adolescents are the ones engaging in one or more of such behaviors.
Working Paper
The Impact of Energy Access on Mothers’ Health, Labor, and Time Allocation
Marjorie Pajaron
Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 53 ,
2019
This paper shows that, for mothers in Cebu, Philippines, access to electricity and the type of cooking fuel used at home affect both health outcomes and also how time is allocated, including for paid work. First, the use of fuelwood for cooking adversely affects the health of mothers, who are traditionally responsible for cooking and are often at home, taking care of their families. This result is consistent across different econometric specifications.