Stanford University

Economic Impact of Diabetes in South Asia: the Magnitude of the Problem

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With an estimated 84 million people suffering from diabetes in South Asia, the disease imposes substantial economic burdens on individuals, families, and society. Furthermore, since the disease burden increasingly occurs in the most productive midlife period, it adversely affects workforce productivity and macroeconomic development. Diabetes-related complications lead to markedly higher treatment costs, causing catastrophic medical spending for many households, thus underscoring the importance of preventing diabetes-related complications.

This review describes the unique features of the diabetes epidemic in South Asia, critically assesses and identifies the gaps in the current literature on the economic impact of diabetes in South Asia, and finally, offers recommendations on ways to mitigate the economic burden of diabetes.

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Karen Eggleston

Defense Without Deterrence: Indian Military Strategy in the 1965 War

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EMERGING ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY ASIA

A Special Seminar Series

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ABSTRACT: Why does success in combat sometimes fail to produce a stable and durable peace settlement? In the 1965 war, India successfully repelled a Pakistani invasion of the disputed territory of Kashmir, captured new territory, and launched a massive counter-offensive – but it did not improve the long-term security of Kashmir or deter future Pakistani aggression. This presentation offers an explanation that shows how war can help to establish deterrence between enduring rivals. I argue combat success is important, but must be paired with costly signals of resolve. In 1965, India achieved combat success but failed to deliver such signals of resolve: it did not permanently retain the Kashmiri territory it captured, and it deliberately limited the strategic threat posed by its counter-offensive. As a result, India defended against invasion without establishing post-war deterrence. India’s current military strategy continues to favor ineffective and potentially destabilizing concepts of deterrence. This carries implications not only for regional security, but also U.S. strategy, which increasingly depends on India to maintain a favorable and stable regional balance of power.
 
Arzan Tarapore
PROFILE: Arzan Tarapore is a nonresident fellow at the National Bureau of Asian Research, an adjunct defense analyst at the RAND Corporation, and from Fall 2019, an adjunct assistant professor at Georgetown University. His research lies at the intersection of South Asian politics and military strategy. His current book project explains the concept of strategic effectiveness, drawing on in-depth historical case studies of India’s war-fighting experience since 1965. Prior to his scholarly career, Arzan served for 13 years in the Australian Defence Department, which included operational deployments and a diplomatic posting to Washington, DC. He holds a PhD in war studies from King’s College London.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Philippines Conference RoomEncina Hall, 3rd Floor, Central616 Serra Street, Stanford, CA 94305
Arzan Tarapore Nonresident fellow at the National Bureau of Asian Research

Oral Democracy: Deliberation in Indian Village Assemblies

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EMERGING ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY ASIA

A Special Seminar Series

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Oral Democracy studies citizens' voices in civic and political deliberations in India's gram sabhas (village assemblies), the largest deliberative institution in human history. The book analyses nearly three hundred transcripts of gram sabhas, sampled within the framework of a natural experiment, allowing the authors to study how state policy affects the quality of discourse, citizens' discursive performances and state enactments embodied by elected leaders and public officials. By drawing out the varieties of speech apparent in citizen and state interactions, the authors’ analysis shows that citizens' oral participation in development and governance can be improved by strengthening deliberative spaces through policy. Even in conditions of high inequality and illiteracy, gram sabhas can create discursive equality by developing the “oral competence” of citizens and establishing a space in which they can articulate their interests. The authors develop the concept of 'oral democracy' to aid the understanding of deliberative systems in non-Western and developing countries. 

biju rao
Vijayendra (Biju) Rao, a Lead Economist in the Development Research Group of the World Bank, works at the intersection of scholarship and practice.  He integrates his training in economics with theories and methods from anthropology, sociology and political science to study the social, cultural, and political context of extreme poverty in developing countries. He leads the Social Observatory, an inter-disciplinary lab to improve the conversation between citizens and governments.  His research, published in leading journals in Economics, Political Science and Development Studies has spanned a variety of subjects including dowries in India, domestic violence, the economics of sex work, public celebrations, community development, and deliberative democracy.   He and Ghazala Mansuri co-authored  Localizing Development: Does Participation Work? He is speaking about his latest book (with Paromita Sanyal), Oral Democracy: Deliberation in Rural India (Cambridge University Press, 2019).  It be downloaded for free from here. He was a co-author of the 2006 World Development Report on Equity and Development, and has co-edited Culture and Public Action, History, Historians and Development Policy, and, Deliberation and Development.  He serves on the editorial boards of several journals and is a  member of the Successful Societies Program at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR).
 

Vijayendra (Biju) Rao World Bank

Audio: APARC Scholars on China’s Belt and Road Initiative

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APARC's Direcror of the Southeast Asia Program Donald K. Emmerson, Center Fellow Thomas Fingar, and Oksenberg-Rohlen Fellow David M. Lampton spoke with The New Silk Road Project as part of a series of conversations that explores China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) from various perspectives. The New Silk Road Project is a student-led research project that aims to better understand and raise awareness of China’s BRI by documenting its land-based component and compiling interviews with leading academics. 
 
Listen to the complete interviews below.
 
Donald K. Emmerson discusses Chinese investment in ASEAN, multilateralism, and the possibility of building the Kra Canal across Thailand to help offset China’s Malacca Dilemma:
 
 
Thomas Fingar discusses how Chinese policies and priorities interact with the goals and actions of other countries in Central and South Asia:
 
 
David M. Lampton discusses China’s development of high-speed railway networks in Southeast Asia:
 

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Ketian Zhang

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ketian_zhang.jpg Ph.D.

Ketian Vivian Zhang joined the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (APARC) as the 2018-2019 Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellow in Contemporary Asia. Ketian studies coercion, economic sanctions, and maritime territorial disputes in international relations and social movements in comparative politics, with a regional focus on China and East Asia. She bridges the study of international relations and comparative politics and has a broader theoretical interest in linking international security and international political economy. Her book project examines when, why, and how China uses coercion when faced with issues of national security, such as territorial disputes in the South and East China Seas, foreign arms sales to Taiwan, and foreign leaders’ reception of the Dalai Lama. Ketian's research has been supported by organizations such as the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, Institute for Security and Conflict Studies at George Washington University, the Smith Richardson Foundation, and the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation.

At Shorenstein APARC, Ketian worked on turning parts of her book project into academic journal papers while conducting fieldwork for her next major project: examining how target states of Chinese coercion respond to China's assertiveness, including the business community and ordinary citizens.

Ketian received her Ph.D. in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2018, where she is also an affiliate of the Security Studies Program. Before coming to Stanford, Ketian was a Predoctoral Research Fellow in the International Security Program at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School. Ketian holds a B.A. in Political Science and Sociology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and was previously a research intern at the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, D.C., where she was a contributor to its website Foreign Policy in Focus.

2018-2019 Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellow in Contemporary Asia

Management, Faculty Productivity, and Student Learning in India

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The idea that good management practices matter for organizational performance is widely accepted. An expanding literature suggests that better management practices improve the performance of organizations in various industries including manufacturing, health care, education, and government. In this paper we aim to present a more contextualized perspective. In particular, we examine how management practices affect performance in complex organizations that have multiple and potentially competing performance goals, that is, higher education.

 
To examine the impact of management practices on teaching and research outcomes, we analyze unique, nationally representative, and granular data that we collected from close to 300 university departments, 5,000 faculty, and 40,000 students in India. Through analyzing these data, we produce three novel sets of findings. First, we find that better management practices, on average, do not have significant effects on domain-specific or domain-general aspects of student learning. Any positive relationship between management practices and student learning disappears once we control for selection by student ability into institutions. Second, and by contrast, we find that better management practices—in particular better target-setting and performance-oriented practices—significantly increase faculty research productivity. Third, we find that the effect of better management practices depends on the performance goals of institutions.

This lecture is part of the 2018-2019 South Asia Colloquia series co-sponsored by Shorenstein APARC and the Center for South Asia . 

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Yong Suk Lee

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Former SK Center Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies
yong_resize2.jpg PhD, MPP

Yong Suk Lee was the SK Center Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and Deputy Director of the Korea Program at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University. He served in these roles until June 2021.

Lee’s main fields of research are labor economics, technology and entrepreneurship, and urban economics. Some of the issues he has studied include technology and labor markets, entrepreneurship and economic growth, entrepreneurship education, and education and inequality. He is also interested in both the North and South Korean economy and has examined how economic sanctions affect economic activity in North Korea, and how management practices and education policy affect inequality in South Korea. His current research focuses on how the new wave of digital technologies, such as robotics and artificial intelligence affect labor, education, entrepreneurship, and productivity.

His research has been published in both economics and management journals including the Journal of Urban Economics, Journal of Economic Geography, Journal of Business Venturing, Journal of Health Economics, and Labour Economics. Lee also regularly contributes to policy reports and opinion pieces on contemporary issues surrounding both North and South Korea.

Prior to joining Stanford, Lee was an assistant professor of economics at Williams College in Massachusetts. He received his Ph.D. in Economics from Brown University, a Master of Public Policy from Duke University, and a Bachelor's degree and master's degree in architecture from Seoul National University. Lee also worked as a real estate development consultant and architecture designer as he transitioned from architecture to economics.

While at APARC, Dr. Lee led and participated in several research projects, including Stanford-Asia Pacific Innovation; Digital Technologies and the Labor Market; Entrepreneurship, Technology, and Economic Development; The Impact of Robotics on Nursing Home Care in Japan; Education and Development in the Digital Economy; and New Media and Political Economy.

Former Deputy Director of the Korea Program at Shorenstein APARC
<i>Stanford University</i>
Prashant Loyalka <i>Stanford University</i>
<i>Stanford University</i>
South Asia Colloquia

Shorenstein APARC Announces 2018-19 Postdoctoral Fellows

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The Shorenstein Asia Pacific Research Center (APARC) is pleased to welcome three postdoctoral fellows for the 2018-19 academic year. The cohort includes two Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellows and one Developing Asia Health Policy Fellow. All three will begin their year of academic study and research at Stanford this fall.

For more than a decade, Shorenstein APARC has sponsored numerous junior scholars to come to the university and work closely with Stanford faculty, develop their dissertations for publication, participate in workshops and seminars, and present their research to the broader community. APARC's Asia Health Policy Program sponsors young scholars who pursue original research on contemporary health or healthcare policy of high relevance to countries in the Asia-Pacific region, especially developing countries.

The 2018-19 fellows carry a broad range of interests including authoritarianism in Southeast Asia, the use of coercion in national security, and community health policy in developing countries. Continue reading to learn about their qualifications and research plans:

Sebastian Dettman

"When are opposition parties and movements successful in challenging entrenched authoritarian regimes?"

Sebastian Dettman is completing his doctorate in the Department of Government at Cornell University. He researches party building, electoral competition, and political representation in newly democratic and authoritarian regimes, with a focus on Southeast Asia.

Seb's dissertation examines the dilemmas faced by Malaysia's opposition parties in expanding electoral support and building coalitions, and the implications for regime liberalization. His research has been supported by grants including the NSEP Boren Fellowship, the USINDO Sumitro Fellowship, and Foreign Language and Area Studies (FLAS) Fellowships. At Shorenstein APARC, Seb will work on developing his dissertation into a book manuscript and make progress on his next project exploring regime-opposition policy interactions in authoritarian regimes.

Prior to his doctorate, Seb received an MA in Southeast Asian Studies from the University of Michigan. He has also worked as a consultant and researcher for organizations including the Asia Foundation, the International Crisis Group, and the Carter Center.

Ketian Vivian Zhang

"What explains the specific foreign policy behavior of rising powers such as China and how might we better manage China's rise?"

Ketian Vivian Zhang is completing her doctorate in the Political Science Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she is also an affiliate of the Security Studies Program. Ketian studies coercion, economic sanctions, and maritime territorial disputes in international relations and nationalism in comparative politics, with a regional focus on China and East Asia.

Ketian's dissertation examines when, why, and how China uses coercion when faced with issues of national security, such as territorial disputes in the South and East China Seas, foreign arms sales to Taiwan, and foreign leaders' reception of the Dalai Lama. Ketian has done extensive fieldwork in various cities in China, including conducting interviews with Chinese officials and scholars. Her research has been supported by organizations such as the Institute for Security and Conflict Studies at George Washington University, the Smith Richardson Foundation, the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation, and the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, where she is currently a Predoctoral Research Fellow in the International Security Program

At Shorenstein APARC, Ketian will work on converting her dissertation to a book manuscript and advancing her post-dissertation projects on nationalism and anti-foreign protests. Previously, Ketian was a Predoctoral Fellow at the Institute for Security and Conflict Studies at George Washington University. Ketian earned a B.A. in Political Science and Sociology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and was a research intern at the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, D.C., where she was a contributor to its website Foreign Policy in Focus.

Sarita Panday

"How could we better manage and support community health workers to deliver healthcare in resource-poor countries?"

Sarita Panday is a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Politics at the University of Sheffield (U.K). She is working on the project "Resilience Policy Making in Nepal: Giving Voice to Communities" funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (U.K.). She is currently collecting data using participatory video methods to bring attention to unheard voices from three remote communities in Nepal affected by earthquakes

Sarita completed her Ph.D. at the School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) at the University of Sheffield. Her dissertation explores the role of female community health volunteers in maternal health service provision in Nepal. While at Stanford as an AHPP Fellow, Sarita plans to undertake research on community health workers and incentives in South Asia.

Sarita has skills in understanding systematic reviews, qualitative research, mixed-method research and the use of participatory video methods. She has worked as a principal investigator and a coinvestigator in different systematic review projects funded by the World Health Organization, the University Grants Commision (Nepal), and the Department for International Development (U.K.). Her major interests are in maternal health, community health workers, and health policy research including resilience policy making in developing countries, with a focus on South Asia and--in particular--Nepal.

Prior to her Ph.D., Sarita earned her combined Masters in Public Health and Health Management from the University of New South Wales under the Australian Leadership Award. She completed her B.Sc. in Nursing from BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (Nepal). She is also a recognized Fellow at the Higher Education Academy (U.K.).

 

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Siddharth Varadarajan, Founding Editor of The Wire, to Receive 2017 Shorenstein Journalism Award

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Siddharth Varadarajan, founding editor of The Wire, has been named the 2017 recipient of the Shorenstein Journalism Award. The award, given annually by Stanford University’s Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (APARC), is conferred upon a journalist who has produced outstanding reporting on Asia and has contributed significantly to Western understanding of the region. Varadarajan will headline a panel discusson on April 16, 2018, at Stanford.

"Siddharth Varadarajan’s insightful reporting and analysis of strategic policy issues have made him a leading journalist and commentator," said Nayan Chanda, jury member for the award, and founder and former editor-in-chief of YaleGlobal Online Magazine. "His original perspective and courageous accounts of India’s domestic and foreign policies have for years received high acclaim, informing readers in India, the United States, and around the world. His initiative in independent, web-based journalism as founding editor of The Wire, his distinguished body of well-researched reports, and his profound commentaries exemplify journalism excellence and innovation."

Fifteen journalists have previously received the Shorenstein award. Originally designed to honor distinguished American journalists, in 2011, the award's scope expanded to encompass Asian journalists who pave the way for press freedom, and have aided in the growth of mutual understanding between Asia and the United States.

Among the award’s most recent recipients are Ian Johnson, a veteran journalist with a focus on Chinese society, religion and history; Yoichi Funabashi, former editor-in-chief of the Asahi Shimbun; and Jacob Schlesinger, a senior foreign correspondent covering economics at the Wall Street Journal’s Tokyo bureau.

Prior to founding The Wire, Varadarajan was the editor of The Hindu, the second-largest circulated English daily in India.

Varadarajan has taught Economics at New York University and Journalism at the University of California, Berkeley, in addition to working at the Times of India and the Centre for Public Affairs and Critical Theory, Shiv Nadar University.

Varadarajan is the editor of a book on the 2002 anti-Muslim violence and co-author of Nonalignment 2.0: A Foreign and Strategic Policy for India in the 21st Century (Penguin, 2014). He can be followed on twitter at @svaradarajan.

Additional details about the panel discussion and the award are listed below.

About the Panel Discussion and Award Ceremony

Shorenstein Journalism Award winner Siddharth Varadarajan will join a panel discussion including Nayan Chanda, jury member for the award, and founder and former editor-in-chief of YaleGlobal Online Magazine; Thomas Fingar, Shorenstein APARC Fellow; and Shalendra Sharma, professor in the Department of Politics at the University of San Francisco. The panel will be chaired by Daniel C. Sneider, Visiting Scholar at Shorenstein APARC.

April 16, 2017, from 12:00 – 1:30 p.m. (PDT)

Paul Brest Hall East, 555 Salvatierra Walk, Stanford, CA 94305

The panel discussion is open to the public. The award ceremony will take place in the evening for a private audience.

RSVPs for the panel discussion are requested.

Media related questions may be directed to Noa Ronkin, noa.ronkin@stanford.edu or (650) 724-5667.

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Siddharth Varadarajan
Cortesy of Siddharth Varadarajan
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Call for applications: 2018-19 Postdoctoral fellowship in contemporary Asia

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The Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (APARC) at Stanford is now accepting applications for the Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellowship in Contemporary Asia, an opportunity made available to two junior scholars for research and writing on Asia.

Fellows conduct research on contemporary political, economic or social change in the Asia-Pacific region, and contribute to Shorenstein APARC’s publications, conferences and related activities. To read about this year’s fellows, please click here.

The fellowship is a 10-mo. appointment during the 2018-19 academic year, and carries a salary rate of $52,000 plus $2,000 for research expenses.

For further information and to apply, please click here. The application deadline is Dec. 20, 2017.

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