Despite successful economic reforms over the past two decades, China's health care system for the nearly one billion people that live and work in rural areas is broken. Having admitted that there is a crisis, the government is now committed to looking for solutions. In this proposal, we have two overall goals to help provide insights on part of the solution. Our first objective is to collect an updated wave of highly informative data in Year 1 to build on an existing set of data already collected by our study team (from 2004) to analyze the effects of key health policies and institutions that have emerged over the past several years, including the government's rural health insurance system, the privatization of rural clinics, and new investments into township hospitals. Our second, more forward-looking goal for Years 2 and 3 is to set up and introduce an initial experiment on incentives to study one of the most serious flaws in China's health system: the practice in which doctors both prescribe and derive significant profit from drugs. The main hypothesis to be tested is whether realigning doctors' financial incentives embedded in the current organization of China's rural health system influence: a) the way doctors treat and manage their patients; b) the time and effort doctors put into patient care; and c) patient satisfaction.

This project report is based on extensive interviews with top leaders in China's high tech industries, such as semiconductor design, e-commerce, mobile value-added services and telecommunications. While previous reports on China's talent challenges have focused on root causes or have been prescriptive in nature, Getting Results in Chinaexplores what leaders of high tech companies are actually doing on the ground to address these challenges. The findings will provide a window of insight on:

• How pioneering executive leaders in China have adapted multinational strategies to acheive results in their organizations;
• What the leading companies in China are doing to come out ahead in the competition for leadership talent;
• Which critical leadership skills are most needed and also hardest to find in the current Chinese high tech playing field.

Getting Results in China will be of interest to Chinese executives, leaders of multinational companies operating in China and investors in Chinese enterprises across all industry sectors who want to understand the talent approaches that are getting results in a challenging environment.

In 2003, consumption of IT goods worldwide was $1.5 trillion. Asia represented twenty percent of this total. Even more telling, Asia produced about forty percent of these goods. The continued rise of Asian IT innovation will pose a challenge to the eminence of traditional IT centers, notably Silicon Valley.

Making IT examines the causes as well as the major consequences of the dramatic rise of Asia in this industry. The book systematically analyzes each country's policies and results, on both a national level and, more importantly, in the innovation regions that have developed in each country: Japan's excellence in technology and manufacturing skills; Bangalore, India's late start and sudden explosion; Taiwan's Hsinchu Science-based Park's entrepreneurship and steady growth; Korea's Teheren Valley's impressive development of large companies; Singapore's initial reliance on multinational firms and its more recent switch to a home-developed strategy; and China's Zhongguancun Science Park's encouragement of investment from foreign firms while also promoting a domestic IT industry.

The book outlines the difficulties in the IT industry, including Japan's tendency to keep out most foreign firms and China's poor protection of intellectual property. Developed by the team that brought readers The Silicon Valley Edge, Making IT analyzes why this region has an advantage in this industry, the similarities and differences in the countries' strategies, why companies have clustered in specific localities, and most important, what will be changing in the coming years.

Making IT should leave no doubt that the United States and other countries competing in the global economy will face enormous challenges--and opportunities--responding to the rise of an innovative Asia.

"Making IT is an excellent work of collective scholarship. The book provides a wealth of information on one of the most striking episodes in economic development of the past few decades--the rise to global prominence in the IT sector of a part of the world that had long been regarded as a technological backwater." --Nathan Rosenberg, Stanford University

"The great strength of Making IT lies in its detailed case studies of Taiwan, India, Singapore, Korea, China, and Japan. The comparative focus on high-tech clusters and the explicit comparisons to Silicon Valley as the leader and model make an excellent contribution to our understanding of the high-tech cluster phenomenon and the ongoing competitive rise of the Asian economies considered in the book." --Hugh Patrick, Columbia University

Contributors

• Jun-Woo Bae, Graduate School of Management, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
• Zong-Tae Bae, Graduate School of Management, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
• Rafiq Dossani, Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, Stanford University
• Kyonghee Han, Department of Human and Community Development, University of California, Davis
• Ken-ichi Imai, former Senior Fellow, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University
• Martin Kenney, Department of Human and Community Development, University of California, Davis
• Jong-Gie Kim, Graduate School of Business and Economics in Information, Myongji University
• Kark Bum Lee, Information and Communications University, School of Management
• Noboru Maeda, Graduate School of Creative Cities, Osaka City University
• Sam Ock Park, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National University
• Jon Sandelin, Office of Technology Licensing (OTL), Stanford University
• Chintay Shih, College of Technology Management, National Tsing-Hua University
• Sang-Mok Suh, Myongji University
• Shoko Tanaka, ST Research
• Toru Tanigawa, Kyushu University
• Kung Wang, Graduate Institution of Industrial Economics, National Central University
• Yi-Ling Wei, Industrial Economics and Knowledge Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute
• Poh Kam Wong, Entrepreneurship Centre, National University of Singapore
• Yasuhisa Yamaguchi, Japan Development Bank
• Mulan Zhao, Administrative Committee of Zhongguancun Science Park