Stanford University

What Determines Success and Failure of Cluster-Based Industrial Development?

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Industrial clusters are ubiquitous in history and the contemporary developing world. While many of them grow dynamically, others stagnate. This study explores factors affecting the success and failure of cluster-based industrial development based primarily on own case studies conducted in East Asia, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa as well as historical studies in Japan and Europe. It is found that the key to the successful development is multi-faceted innovations, encompassing technical and managerial innovations or improvements. Since innovative ideas spill over, collective actions which attempt to internalize externalities often play a role in sustainable development of industrial clusters. An implication is that stagnant clusters can be vitalized if multi-faceted innovations can be stimulated by policy means.   

 

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Keijiro Otsuka is a Professor of Development Economics at the Graduate School of Economics at the Kobe University and a Chief Senior Researcher at the Institute of Developing Economies in Tokyo. He was a professor at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) from April 2001 to March 2016. He received a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Chicago in 1979.

He was a core member of World Development Report 2013: Jobs. He was also President of International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE) from 2009 to 2012. He received Purple-Ribbon Medal from the Japanese Government in 2010.

He has been conducting comparative analyses on cluster-based industrial development, poverty and income distribution, land reform and land tenure, and Green Revolution between Asia and Africa. He published 123 articles in refereed international journals and 23 coauthored and coedited books. He is Fellows of International, American, and African Association of Agricultural Economists.

Kei Otsuka Professor, Kobe University
Seminars
Japan Colloquium Series

Thailand’s China Policy: Succumbing to Soft Power or Bending with the Wind?

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Please note event's venue has changed to the Philippines conference room

Conditions of Entry:

Valid photo ID required all of attendees

No posters are allowed

No noise makers are allowed

On the surface, Thai-China relations have never been better, as the two countries work to raise their ties to a higher and broader plane. A five-year plan for strategic cooperation now under negotiation covers political, military, and security affairs; multi-sectoral trade and investment; health, education, information, technology, and culture; and regional and multilateral foreign policy. China is comfortable working with the military government that has ruled Thailand since 2014, and vice versa.

Beijing credits the exercise of Chinese “soft power” in Southeast Asia with having improved Thai views of China. Analysts characterize the warming as a new version of Thailand’s old habit of adapting to powerful outsiders by “bending with the wind.” Prof. Pavin will argue that, although the application of soft power has helped China’s cause in Thailand, it is not the main reason for the present warming of ties between the two countries. Indeed, in the long run, Chinese soft power could prove disastrous for Thailand.

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Pavin Chachavalpongpun is currently a visiting scholar at the University of California-Berkeley’s Center for Southeast Asia Studies. He was recently at Stanford as a Lee Kong Chian NUS-Stanford Distinguished Fellow on Contemporary Southeast Asia (2015-16). His many publications include Good Coup Gone Bad: Thailand’s Political Development since Thaksin’s Downfall (edited, 2014); Reinventing Thailand: Thaksin and His Foreign Policy (2010); and A Plastic Nation: The Curse of Thainess in Thai-Burmese Relations (2005). He is the editor of the Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia. His PhD is from the University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies (2003).

Pavin Chachavalpongpun Associate Professor, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University
Seminars

Patrick Winstead

616 Serra StreetEncina Hall E301Stanford, CA94305-6055
(650) 724-4885 (650) 723-6530
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patrick_winstead.jpg Lt. Col.

Lieutenant Colonel Patrick Winstead is a Senior Military Fellow at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (APARC), Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI) at Stanford University.  Prior to his current fellowship, Lt Col Winstead served in various leadership roles on the staff of the United States Pacific Command's Operations Directorate (J3) in Hawaii.  He led a team of cross-functional experts in analyzing various complex strategic and operational challenges in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region, then recommended U.S. military capabilities and strategies to meet those challenges.  Lt Col Winstead also served as the Executive Assistant to U.S. Pacific Command's Director for Operations (the 2-star officer responsible for all military operations in the Pacific theater).  Before his headquarters assignment, Lt Col Winstead commanded a C-17 airlift squadron in Hawaii, where he led over 110 military personnel in operations conducting the worldwide airlift and airdrop of cargo and people.  He is a pilot with over 3,400 flying hours in the C-17, having completed three other operational flying assignments as an instructor and evaluator pilot.  Lt Col Winstead spent the previous nine years of his 20+ year Air Force career stationed in the Asia-Pacific theater, gaining valuable tactical, operational, and strategic expertise in military operations.

Lt Col Winstead earned a B.S. in Environmental Engineering and a B.S. in Multidisciplinary Studies from North Carolina State University and a M.A. in Organizational Management from The George Washington University.

At Stanford, Lt Col Winstead seeks to examine the strategic implications of unmanned systems operations (air, sea, undersea) in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region, including the impact of using these systems by all capable governments on the balance of security and escalation control calculations.  More broadly, Lt Col Winstead seeks to understand factors contributing to escalation control in a multi-lateral, multi-alliance security environment.  He is also interested in strategic messaging and information control in the Indo-Asia-Pacific.

Visiting Scholar
Senior Military Fellow
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Lei Guo

616 Serra StreetEncina Hall E301Stanford, CA94305-6055
(650) 723-6530
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lei_guo.jpg Ph.D.

Dr. GUO Lei is an associate professor at School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Peking University where she is responsible for the innovative and entrepreneurial education and research.  She is the Deputy Dean of School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship and Deputy Director of Office of Science and Technology Development at Peking University.

Dr. GUO Lei leads the entrepreneurial and innovative education programs and incubation programs, which provides PKU students, professors and alumni courses, mentorship, seed funding, incubation space and network connections to early stage investors.  She has successfully set up Entrepreneurial Talent Development Program for the youth in 2012, both in campus and off campus.  And she always keeps scaling up the program over China.  Till now, more than 4,000 young entrepreneurs take part in the program on-line and off-line, and over 30 star-ups come out from the program.  She set up a fund which aims to support the entrepreneurial education activities and help the students to commercialization their ideas in 2014 at PKU.  She is working on China Entrepreneurship MOOC Platform by the support of Shandong Province.  She and her colleagues initiated the first Train the Trainer Program in entrepreneurship courses at PKU in 2016, which teaches the teachers all over the nation how to teach and mentor their students to know what is entrepreneurship and how to be an entrepreneur.

Dr. GUO Lei is the coordinator scholar for Global Innovation Index Program of World Intellectual Property Organization at Peking University.  She is the co-founder of China Innovation Index Research Center at SIE, PKU, which aims to support local governments to build the innovation-driven economic growth system and to evaluate the innovation efficiency.  She is the co-champion of China Cohort of MIT Regional Entrepreneurship Acceleration Program from 2015 to 2017.  The team is made up of different stakeholders who come from university, government, risk capital, corporate and entrepreneur.  The goal is to give the scientific and professional consultant to Hebei Province on how to build an innovative national agriculture park.  She has published over 20 papers in The Global Innovation Index 2015, The Development of Research and Management (in Chinese), Peking University Education Review (in Chinese), Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China (in Chinese), Academic Degree and Graduate Education (in Chinese) and Guangming Daily (in Chinese).

Visiting Scholar

The Arbitral Court’s Ruling on the South China Sea: Pros and Cons, Contexts and Consequences

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Conflicting views of international law versus national interest are churning the South China Sea. In The Hague on 12 July 2016, an Arbitral Tribunal ruled in favor of the Republic of the Philippines and against the People’s Republic of China regarding the latter’s claims and behavior in the South China Sea. Beijing has denounced the decision and refuses to abide by it. The Philippines’ new and outspoken president has refused to press China toward compliance, seemingly preferring to seek economic benefits from China instead. The US and Japan, among other countries, have supported the ruling, but in a muted fashion, as if to avoid antagonizing China. 

Did the Arbitral Court do the right or the wrong thing? Did the judges (in)correctly interpret the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)? Has the unwillingness of Manila and Washington to champion the court’s decision made the prospect of Beijing’s eventual dominance in Southeast Asia more likely? Has China’s self-assigned and so far successful impunity undermined global compliance with UNCLOS? Or does Beijing’s pragmatic emphasis on realpolitik over moralpolitik point the way toward a practical alleviation of tensions that global jurisprudence cannot achieve? And what if the court’s ruling were applied to other sweeping maritime claims to land features in the Pacific, including the exclusive economic zones drawn by Tokyo around Okinotorishima or by Washington around its mid-ocean “Minor Outlying Islands”? Would the US comply? And lastly: What next?

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Jay L. Batongbacal and Yann-huei Song are internationally regarded experts on the Law of the Sea with extensive knowledge of and experience in maritime affairs. Prof. Batongbacal’s many publications include a recent chapter in Power, Law, and Maritime Order in the South China Sea (2015). His doctorate in Jurisprudential Science is from Dalhousie University (2010). Prof. Song’s many publications include a recent volume, The United States and Maritime Disputes in the South China Sea (2016). His doctorate in the Science of Law is from the University of California-Berkeley (2000).

 

 

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Jay L. Batongbacal Associate Professor, College of Law, and Director, Institute for Maritime Affairs and Law of the Sea, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
Yann-huei Song Research Fellow, Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, and Adjunct Professor, School of Law, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
Seminars

Nuclear Safety And Security In Northeast Asia: A Panel Discussion

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Photo courtesy of wbur.org April 2015Northeast Asia is now a central arena to determine the future of nuclear safety and security. The Fukushima nuclear accident, and its ongoing aftermath, is at the forefront of the debate over the utility of nuclear energy in resolving global issues of climate change and energy security. And North Korea’s headlong rush towards acquisition of nuclear weapons and delivery systems has sparked talk of going nuclear in both South Korea and Japan and discussion over how to provide extended deterrence, including the role of missile defense.

The Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center has brought together the representatives of the three principle powers in the region – China, Japan and South Korea – together with our own academic expert to discuss these issues.

 

Panelists:

Liyou Zha, Deputy Consul General of the Peoples Republic of China, San Francisco

Born in 1964, Jiangsu Province, Consul Zha began his career in 1987 at the State Economic Commission and moved from there to work in the Organization Department of the Communist Party of China. He began his service in the Foreign Ministry in 1990 with the Department of Consular Affairs and the Department of Personnel. From 2012 he served at Chinese Embassy in the United States as Counselor and Deputy Head of Office for Congressional and State Government Affairs. He has served as Deputy Consul General of the People's Republic of China in San Francisco since March 2015. 

Shouichi Nagayoshi, Deputy Consul General of Japan, San Francisco

Deputy Consul General Shoichi Nagayoshi began his career with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan in 1988. His assignments overseas have included posts in the United Kingdom, Ghana, New York, and Malaysia. His assignments in Tokyo have included works at European Affairs Bureau, Disarmament, Non-Proliferation and Science Department and Foreign 

Jimin Kim, Deputy Consul General of the Republic of Korea, San Francisco

Has been Deputy Consul General of the Republic of Korea in San Francisco since August 2016. Most recently, he served as Director of Protocol from 2015 to 2016. He has been a career diplomat for almost 20 years. His prior foreign mission posts include First Secretary at the Korean Embassy in Japan from 2008-2011 and Counselor at the Korean Embassy in the Dominican Republic from 2011 to 2013. Consul Kim received a B.S. in Foreign Service from Georgetown University and an M.A. in International Affairs from Columbia University. He was awarded the Citation of the Foreign Minister in 2011.

Phillip Lipscy, The Thomas Rohlen Center Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Assistant Professor of Political Science

Takeo Hoshi (moderator), Henri H. and Tomoye Takahashi Senior Fellow in Japanese Studies at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies

Panel Discussions

Patient Cost-sharing and Health Care Utilization among Children (with Toshiaki Iizuka)

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Exploiting the variation in the amount of subsidy for child health care by municipality, age and time in Japan, this paper examines the effect of patient cost-sharing on child health care utilization. Using longitudinal claims data and triple difference-in-difference framework, we find that reduced cost-sharing significantly increases utilization of outpatient care among children. We further investigate whether these increase in outpatient visits solely reflects moral hazard or increases in beneficial care.

hitoshi shigeoka
Hitoshi Shigeoka received a B.A. (2001) and an MA (2003) in chemical engineering from University of Tokyo, and master of international affairs (2006) and PhD in economics (2012) from Columbia University. Hitoshi’s research interests include health, labor, public economics, and experimental economics. His current research involves estimating the demand elasticity of health care utilization, examining the degree of supplier-induced demand by physicians and hospitals, examining the effects of competition and peer-to-peer teaching on learning, and investigating how the long-term incentives of mothers affect the timing of births.
Hitoshi Shigeoka Simon Fraser University
Seminars

Message from Shorenstein APARC Director Gi-Wook Shin

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This past July, I returned from my sabbatical. During my eight months away from the Stanford campus, I was based in Korea at the Graduate School of International Studies of Seoul National University and traveled through many other parts of Asia. It allowed me to take a step back and reflect—it was the longest time I had spent in Korea since leaving for the United States as a graduate student in 1983.
Gi-Wook Shin
While I have visited Korea many times on business and other matters, living there for an extended period of time was quite a different experience. Korea is certainly a place with lots of excitement and convenience but also concerns and worries. 

What struck me most during my conversations with many colleagues and friends in Asia was a realization that they were all grappling with how to address and find breakthrough solutions to current societal challenges. They referred to numerous, interrelated problems arising from low birth rate, aging population, brain drain, pollution, political corruption and low cultural tolerance, to mention a few examples. Based on those conversations and my overall experience living in Korea, I am now preparing a book manuscript Korea seen from Inside and Outside.

Next Monday, we begin the new academic year at Stanford. And with that occasion, I extend my sincere thanks to colleagues who stepped in during my leave last year, in particular, to Takeo Hoshi who served as acting director.

Reengaging with academic writing and my duties as director has been invigorating. I remain convinced that Shorenstein APARC continues to play an important role in developing new knowledge and encouraging dialogue on policy-relevant challenges in contemporary Asia.
 
The Center will soon be launching a new multiyear research project, the New Asia Project, which aims to offer insight on the question: “what’s next for Asia?” Our faculty, fellows and researchers will delve into social, cultural and educational areas that could push Asia ahead. We will have completed our Divided Memories and Reconciliation Project after a decade of scholarly work on historical narratives of World War II in Asia. The Center will continue to convene seminars, workshops and conferences that bring together scholars, policymakers and regional experts from around the world and strive to make the multimedia available to all online.
 
Three postdoctoral scholars and four emerging and mid-career professionals are joining us this year as fellows. They carry a broad range of research interests—from hospital reform in Vietnam to the economic consequences of elite politics in China. The Center remains committed to nurturing a new generation of scholars and professionals working on Asia-Pacific issues. We also welcome a diverse cohort of Corporate Affiliate Visiting Fellows, who will work on ambitious research endeavors under the mentorship of our faculty.
 
Through our partnerships with Brookings Institution Press and Stanford University Press, we continue to publish our work. We have published 9 books in the past year and expect 4 books in the coming months. They include Divergent Memories, Challenges in the Process of China’s Urbanization and a translation from Korean of Peace on a Knife’s Edge, among other publications in leading journals and presses around the world.
 
The Center has changed quite a bit since I first began my directorship in 2005. We now have five vibrant research programs, one initiative and one corporate affiliate program. They are integral parts of the Center but also have emerged as robust entities in their own right. This year we will be celebrating the 10th anniversary of our China Program and Asia Health Policy Program.
 
For readers in Asia, a number of our faculty and fellows will be coming to Seoul and Tokyo for a public seminar series following the U.S. presidential election this November. A special alumni gathering will also be hosted in Seoul (Nov. 15) and Tokyo (Nov. 17). There will also be a conference on world-class universities on Nov. 4-5 at Stanford Center at Peking University. Stay tuned for an official announcement.
 
As I resume my duties as Center director, I look forward to another engaging year.

Gi-Wook Shin
Director

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U.S.-Vietnam Relations Today and Tomorrow

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Ambassador Osius will make remarks on U.S.-Vietnam relations in the wake of President Obama’s May 2016 visit. He will focus on the unfinished task of reconciliation. Relations were normalized in 1995. Yet many in Vietnam’s diaspora community, especially those most affected by the legacies of the war, oppose rapprochement and engagement. Overseas communities can play important and constructive roles in relations between their countries of origin and the rest of the world. Ambassador Osius will argue that a fully engaged Vietnamese-American community could and would contribute a lot toward growing the U.S. partnership with Vietnam, including helping to shape a beneficial future of greater trade, improved regional stability, and an expanded role for civil society.

ted osius
Ted Osius is the sixth U.S. ambassador to Vietnam (December 2014-Present). Previously he was an associate professor and a senior fellow, respectively, at the National War College and the Center for Strategic and International Studies; deputy chief of mission at the U.S. Embassy in Jakarta; and political minister-counselor at the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi. His earlier career included service as regional environment officer for Southeast Asia and the Pacific in the U.S. State Department and as senior advisor on international affairs in the Office of the Vice President. 

This event is co-sponsored by the U.S. - Asia Security Initiative and the Southeast Asia Program
Ted Osius U.S. Ambassador to Vietnam
Seminars
U.S.-Asia Security Initiative
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