International Development

FSI researchers consider international development from a variety of angles. They analyze ideas such as how public action and good governance are cornerstones of economic prosperity in Mexico and how investments in high school education will improve China’s economy.

They are looking at novel technological interventions to improve rural livelihoods, like the development implications of solar power-generated crop growing in Northern Benin.

FSI academics also assess which political processes yield better access to public services, particularly in developing countries. With a focus on health care, researchers have studied the political incentives to embrace UNICEF’s child survival efforts and how a well-run anti-alcohol policy in Russia affected mortality rates.

FSI’s work on international development also includes training the next generation of leaders through pre- and post-doctoral fellowships as well as the Draper Hills Summer Fellows Program.

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An integrated approach based on a case study of a new neighborhood in the provincial capital of Jinan in Shandong, China

As part of SPRIE's current research on entrepreneurship and innovation in the green/cleantech space, we are pleased to present this seminar in cooperation with the Precourt Institute for Energy.

About the talk

This presentation will discuss an effort to integrate building energy and emission models with traffic simulation tools, in order to develop integrated urban energy and emission models. The assessment of the environmental impacts of transportation systems does not commonly include an analysis of the effects on building energy use. Similarly, neighborhood level building energy simulations often overlook the impacts of the density of the built environment and the configuration of the street network. Based on a case study of a masterplan for a new neighborhood in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, the modeling approach presented here aims to capture the way the built environment and transportation networks influence each other in terms of energy use and carbon emissions. The goal is to develop a more accurate method to evaluate and compare the environmental performance of various transportation and land use projects.

About the speaker

Nicolae Duduta is a dual Master’s candidate in Transportation Planning and Architecture at UC Berkeley’s College of Environmental Design. He has an undergraduate degree in Architecture and Sustainable Development from the National School of Architecture in Lyon, France.

For the past three years, he has worked as a research assistant  to Prof. Elizabeth Deakin at the Berkeley Center for Global Metropolitan Studies. Recent projects include developing planning guidelines for future High-Speed Rail stations in the Central Valley of California, and advising local governments in China to assess the environmental impacts of new urban developments.

His interests include sustainable transportation and urban design, and his recent work has focused on developing tools to evaluate the environmental performance of neighborhoods, by analyzing the performance of buildings, transportation systems, water and waste treatment and infrastructure.

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Nicolae Duduta Speaker University of California, Berkeley
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About the talk:

Despite a short history of economic development, Korea has produced a number of leading products; the Korean economy's success is based on the technological and innovative capabilities it has accumulated over several decades.

However, a major structural weakness is the concentration of its economic power in the capital city of Seoul and its outskirts, where most industrial firms are located. In addition, eastern Korea is more industrialized than the west. This technological and innovative imbalance will lead to a gloomy outlook for the Korean economy.

Having recognized this problem, over the past decade the central and regional governments have been making great efforts to enhance regional economic and innovative potential development. Daeduck Science Town, in the center of the Korean peninsula, along with a number of technoparks are evidence of these development strategies.

Dr. Chung will present and discuss the history and characteristics of Korean regional innovation strategies for this seminar.

About the speaker:

Dr. Chung received the Ph.D from the University of Stuttgart in Germany. He worked at the Fraunhofer-Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (FhG-ISI) in Karlsruhe, Germany.  He has been a senior researcher at the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI), under Korea's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST).

In 2004, on the basis of his research work, Dr. Chung was selected as the youngest lifetime fellow of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology (KAST) (Korea's equivalent of the National Academy of Sciences). Since March 1, 2008, he has worked as Director of KAST's Policy Research Center.

In 2008 he established the William F. Miller School of MOT (Management of Technology) at Seoul's Konkuk University. Dr. Chung currently serves as Dean of the Miller MOT School.

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Sunyang Chung Dean Speaker Miller School of MOT, Konkuk University
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China 2.0 at Stanford University, May 24-25, 2010

This two-day forum looks at the rise of China as a digital superpower.

May 2010 marks 15 years of China's first connection to the public Internet and 15 years of digital mobile communications. Home to 400 million online and 750 million mobile consumers, China is giving birth to innovative start-ups and established multi-billion dollar enterprises in social networking, games, video, music and e-commerce.

Companies thriving in China will increasingly shape the global digital economy, either by their sheer scale at home or through investments and mergers and acquisitions in the United States and other developed economies.

Join this invitation-only forum to meet with industry leaders from China and overseas to assess the likely future shape and implications of China's rise for consumers, industry players, investors, researchers and policy makers.

Conference Video Overviews 

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China 2.0 Introduction

Video: Tencent, Taobao and Baidu 

Enabling China's Mobile Market 

Chinese Digital Music Scene 

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TV & Online Video 

e-Commerce 

Online Games 

 
  MONDAY, MAY 24, 2010
8:30 - 9:00 Registration and Light Breakfast
9:00 - 9:15 Session 1--Welcome Remarks and Introductory Presentation
  Marguerite Gong Hancock, Forum Co-Chair/Associate Director, SPRIE, Stanford University
  Duncan Clark, Forum Co-Chair/Chairman, BDA China; Visiting Scholar, SPRIE, Stanford University
9:15 - 10:00 Session 2--Case Studies of China 2.0 Leaders: Tencent, Taobao & Baidu
  Duncan Clark & Liu Ning, BDA China Presentation
  Moderator: Gady Epstein, Beijing Bureau Chief, Forbes
10:00 - 10:45 Special Session--Reporting China 2.0
  Loretta Chao, Reporter, Beijing Bureau, The Wall Street Journal
  Gady Epstein, Beijing Bureau Chief, Forbes
  Moderator: Daniel Sneider, Associate Director for Research, Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, Stanford University
11:00 - 12:15 Session 3--Enabling China 2.0: Infrastructure, Devices and Access
  Håkan Eriksson, CTO, Ericsson presentation
  Stanley Chia, Senior Technology Consultant, Vodafone Group R&D
  Moderator: Duncan Clark, Forum Co-Chair/Chairman, BDA China; Visiting Scholar, SPRIE, Stanford University
12.15 - 1.15 Lunch
1.15 - 2.15 Session 4--Digital Music in China
  Gary Chen, CEO, Top100.cn presentation
  Eric Priest, Assistant Professor, University of Oregon presentation
  Moderator: Loretta Chao, Reporter, Beijing Bureau, The Wall Street Journal
2.15 - 3.45 Session 5--China's Future TV Landscape
  Graham Kill, CEO, Irdeto presentation
  Caroline Pan, Director-China Strategy Office, Intel presentation
  David Strehlow, Director of Marketing, Media Solutions, Huawei
  Moderator: Andrew Lih, Associate Professor, USC Annenberg School of Communication and Journalism
3.45 - 4.00 Break
4.00 - 5.30 Session 6--e-Commerce in China
  James Jianzhang Liang, Co-Founder and Chairman, Ctrip
  Alan Tien, General Manager, PayPal Beibao China
  Fritz Demopoulos, CEO, Qunar.com
  Moderator: Mei Fong, Wall Street Journal Correspondent & Visiting Professor, USC Annenberg School of Communication & Journalism
5.30 - 6.30 Networking Reception
  TUESDAY, MAY 25, 2010
8:30 - 9:00 Registration and Light Breakfast
9.00 - 10.30 Session 7--Online & Mobile Games
  Jason Wang, Partner, Cypress River Advisors, LLC
  Ben Sternberg, Executive Director, Raine Group
  Lisa Cosmas Hanson, Managing Partner & Founder, Niko Partners
  Liu Ning, Principal Analyst - New Media, BDA China
  Moderator: Loretta Chao, Reporter, Beijing Bureau, The Wall Street Journal
10.45 - 12.15 Session 8--Financing China 2.0: VC & IPO Outlook
  York Chen, Founding Managing Partner, iDTechVentures presentation
  Olivier Glauser, Managing Director, Steamboat Ventures presentation
  Richard Hsu, Managing Director, Intel Capital China presentation
  David Lam, Managing Director, WI Harper Group presentation
  Moderator: Martin Haemmig, Senior Advisor on Venture Capital, Stanford Program on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship
12.15 - 1.15 Lunch
1.15-2:45 Session 9--How Can Global Firms Thrive In & With China
  Alan Tien, General Manager, PayPal Bei Bao China
  Graham Kill, CEO, Irdeto
  Carter Agar, Former VP, GM, Walt Disney Internet Group (China), VP, Altius Education
  Jason Wang, Partner, Cypress River Advisors, LLC
  Moderator: Gady Epstein, Beijing Bureau Chief, Forbes
3:00 - 4:30 Session 10--China 2.0 Firms: The Talent Dimension
  Mark Baldwin, CEO, Oxus and Founder, Zhaopin.com
  Kelly Sang, former General Manager, Alibaba.com Americas
  David Strehlow, Director of Marketing, Media Solutions, Huawei
  Moderator: Kyung H. Yoon, CEO, Talent Age Associates LLC
4:30 - 4:45 Wrap-up

Audience 

Media & tech executives, entrepreneurs, academics and researchers, venture capitalists/private equity investors, policymakers.

Format 

  • Presentations by the on-the-ground pioneers of China 2.0 
  • Roundtable discussions on key issues and emerging trends
  • Premiere of "vox pop" video interviews of Chinese Internet users filmed in Beijing, Chengdu, Nanjing, Wuhan, Xiamen and Xi'an
  • Conference highlights to be available online (subject to speaker approval)
  • Interactive event, including a mobile application custom-made for participants

Participation and Pricing

Participation is by invitation-only. For more information, please contact SPRIE by email at sprie-stanford@stanford.edu.

The USD $50 fee covers conference sessions and materials, continental breakfast, lunch, and refreshments. A limited number of free spaces are available for current Stanford faculty, students and staff.

Agenda (subject to change)

Map and parking:

The conference is being held in the Bechtel Conference Center, located at 616 Serra Street on the first floor of Encina Hall. Free event parking is available at the Galvez Field Event Parking Lot, located at Galvez and Campus Drive East. It is less than .5 mile from the parking lot to the event. If you park at a meter, be aware that parking is $1.50/hour and is monitored from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.

China 2.0 Sponsors

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Bechtel Conference Center

Workshops
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In 2005 the Indonesian government announced a program of unconditional cash transfers to its poor and near-poor citizens to help them overcome the adverse effects of fuel price hikes caused by a massive reduction in subsidies.  The program—the largest of its kind in the world, covering some 19 million households—was reintroduced in 2008 following another round of fuel subsidy cuts.

How successful was this effort to help poor Indonesians weather these economic shocks?  Did the transfers alleviate suffering to the desired extent?  Did their unconditional character ensure quick action and wide coverage?  Or did it foster dependence on public welfare and depress incentives to work?  Were deserving recipients chosen?  Or did corruption and conflict distort the process?  Are there lessons in Indonesia’s experience applicable to other developing countries?  Dr. Sudarno will mobilize quantitative and qualitative evidence to address these questions.

Sudarno Sumarto co-founded The SMERU Research Institute and served as its director for nearly ten years.  Under his leadership, SMERU played a vanguard role in helping to reduce poverty in Indonesia through careful empirical research on behalf of improved public policy.  His more than fifty publications include studies of economic growth, poverty and unemployment reduction, and the performance of primary-school pupils, among other topics, in the Journal of Development Economics (2009), Beyond Food Production (2007), and SMERU’s own working paper series, among other venues.  He has also been active as an advisor to the Indonesian government on poverty issues and as a lecturer at the Bogor Institute of Agriculture.

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Shorenstein APARC/Asia Foundation Visiting Fellow
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Sudarno Sumarto is the Shorenstein APARC / Asia Foundation fellow for 2009-10.  He has a PhD and an MA from Vanderbilt University and a BS from Satya Wacana Christian University (Salatiga), all in economics.  Prior to joining Shorenstein APARC he was the director of SMERU for nearly 10 years. SMERU is an independent institution for research and public policy studies which professionally and proactively provides accurate and timely information, as well as objective analysis on various socioeconomic and poverty issues considered most urgent and relevant for the people of Indonesia. The institute has been at the forefront of the research effort to highlight the impact of government programs and policies, and has actively published and reported its research findings. The work expanded to include other areas of applied and economic research that are of fundamental importance to contemporary development issues. He was also a lecturer at Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia.

Sumarto has contributed to more than sixty co-authored articles, chapters, reports, and working papers, including "Agricultural Growth and Poverty Reduction in Indonesia," in Beyond Food Production (2007); "Reducing Unemployment in Indonesia," SMERU Working Paper, 2007; "Improving Student Performance in Public Primary Schools in Developing Countries:  Evidence from Indonesia," Education Economics, December 2006; and “The Effects of Location and Sectoral Components of Economic Growth on Poverty: Evidence from Indonesia.” Journal of Development Economics, 89(1), pp. 109-117, May 2009.  As well as conducting research and writing papers, Sumarto has worked closely with the Indonesian government, giving advice on poverty issues and government poverty alleviation programs.

Sumarto has spoken on poverty and development issues in Australia, Chile, Peru, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Japan, Morocco, Thailand, and the United Kingdom, among other countries.

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Matthew Augustine
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We are pleased to bring you the second dispatch of the year in our series of Shorenstein APARC Dispatches. This month's piece, "Forced Labor Redress in Japan and the United States" comes from Matt Augustine, the Northeast Asian History Fellow for 2009-10 at Shorenstein APARC.

Last month, on October 23, the Nishimatsu Construction Company reached an agreement in the Tokyo Summary Court to set up a trust fund for Chinese who had been forced into labor in Japan during World War II. According to the Asahi Shimbun, the trust fund—worth ¥250 million—will compensate 360 Chinese citizens who were compelled to work at a hydroelectric power plant in Hiroshima Prefecture. Under the terms of the summary settlement, Nishimatsu acknowledged that these Chinese workers were forcibly brought to Japan and apologized for their suffering.This outcome was both overdue and unexpected, particularly since Japan's Supreme Court in 2007 rejected the original lawsuit that five Chinese plaintiffs brought against the construction company in 1998.  Nishimatsu officials maintain that they want to set a new precedent for "social responsibility" in the wake of the corporation's recent scandal involving political donations.  The timing of Nishimatsu's decision coincides with the rise of the new Hatoyama administration, which has promised to improve Japan's relations with China and other Asian neighbors.

Former forced laborers and their bereaved families have pursued litigation against the Japanese government and the corporations that employed them, not only in Japan but also in the United States. The Hayden Bill, which passed the California State Senate in July 1999, opened the door for Chinese and Korean victims to sue Japanese corporations and demand compensation for their hard labor in inhumane working conditions. Although the U.S. Supreme Court thus far has rejected such cases, the unresolved issue of Asian forced labor redress has now been introduced into the U.S. legal system, indicating that the United States has become involved in Japan’s historical disputes.

In fact, the United States was intimately involved in the issue of Asian forced laborers during the Allied Occupation of Japan between 1945 and 1952. U.S. Occupation forces initially attempted to retain Korean coal miners until Japanese repatriates replaced them, but riots in Hokkaido and elsewhere forced authorities to abandon this policy in November 1945. Responding to strong Korean demands, in May 1946 a military government team in Hokkaido gathered over ¥3 million worth of wages, bonuses, and death benefits owed to Korean miners. This amount was but a small fraction of the more than ¥215 million that corporations throughout Japan deposited into an account at the Bank of Japan by 1948. Occupation authorities made several unsuccessful attempts to persuade unwilling Japanese officials to pay back the financial assets owed to Koreans, while U.S. policy gradually changed to oppose reparations demands against Japan. Article 14(b) of the American-drafted San Francisco Peace Treaty signed in September 1951 waived all reparations claims, and the unpaid wage deposits of forced laborers remained a well-kept secret of the Japanese government.

When former forced laborers from South Korea and China began appearing in Japanese courts in the 1990s, their lawsuits helped to clarify the historical record of wartime abuse and postwar cover-up. Lawyers, journalists, and researchers supporting the redress movement dug up hidden official documents, such as the voluminous reports by the Foreign Ministry on Chinese forced labor and by the Welfare Ministry on the unpaid financial deposits of Korean laborers, both compiled in 1946. Although the Japanese government refuses to make such ministry reports public, the Tokyo High Court in 2005 confirmed that the state continues to hold the ¥215 million deposits, which have never been disbursed. While Japanese records remain largely closed, declassified American records can help to answer important questions, including how closely the United States was involved in the process of postwar Japan’s forgetting and neglecting Asian victims of forced labor.

An Asahi Shimbun editorial on October 24, 2009 admonished the Japanese state to take action in the wake of Nishimatsu settlement, since other corporations facing litigation have vowed not to pay reparations unless the government becomes involved. The new Hatoyama administration should first make an unambiguous apology, the editorial contends, then propose a new framework whereby the government and corporations can establish a joint trust fund to compensate former forced laborers and bereaved families. The United States can support this reconciliation process by revisiting the unresolved issue of forced labor—which also included Allied POWs—and reinterpreting the San Francisco Peace Treaty to enable these victims to file legal claims in American and international courts. Proactive U.S. involvement at the government level should also be matched by an enhanced effort toward nongovernmental cooperation between researchers in the United States and Northeast Asia. Shorenstein APARC has been contributing to this effort through its Divided Memories and Reconciliation research project, now in its third year. The Center will also host a colloquium series titled “The American Role in Northeast Asian Reconciliation” during the 2010 winter quarter.

 

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Shorenstein APARC Dispatches are regular bulletins designed exclusively for our friends and supporters. Written by center faculty and scholars, Shorenstein APARC Dispatches deliver timely, succinct analysis on current events and trends in Asia, often discussing their potential implications for business.

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Few topics provoke more heated debate than globalization. Globalization is considered essential for companies that want to survive in today's economy, but it is also blamed for job losses and the economic decline of the United States. Executives say they hire from abroad because of deficiencies in the U.S. workforce and skills shortages, while worker advocacy groups say it is all about cheap labor.

Wadhwa will discuss how the contentious public debates on globalization and outsourcing commonly use data that isn't grounded in reality. He will show why globalization and outsourcing are the new reality and how this trend will continue to build even more momentum. Finally, Wadhwa will provide concrete advice and ideas on how the United States can regain its edge in the global economy by understanding the new reality and focusing on its strengths such as entrepreneurship and innovation. By effectively harnessing its highly educated and skilled workforce, and balancing immigrant intellectual capital, the United States can continue to be the winner rather than the victim of globalization.

Vivek Wadhwa, currently a visiting scholar at UC-Berkeley, is a senior research associate with the Labor and Worklife Program at Harvard Law School and an executive in residence/adjunct professor at the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke University. He helps students prepare for the real world, lectures in class and leads groundbreaking research projects. He advises several start-up companies, writes a column for BusinessWeek.com and contributes to several international publications. Since joining Duke in 2005, he has researched globalization, its impact on the engineering profession and the sources of the United States' competitive advantage. Mr. Wadhwa holds an MBA from New York University and a BA in Computing Studies from the Canberra University in Australia.

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Vivek Wadhwa Senior Research Associate Speaker Labor and Worklife Program, Harvard Law School
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Although South Korea is recovering relatively quickly from the worldwide recession in the wake of the U.S. financial sector crisis, it must address major structural weaknesses if it is to sustain growth over the long term. The Korean manufacturing sector is one of the world’s strongest and most efficient, but the services and (much smaller) agriculture sectors remain weak. Former senior South Korean economic policy official Byongwon Bahk argues that only by benchmarking the near miraculous success of its manufacturing sector can Korea convert traditionally weak sectors into new sources of job creation and foreign currency earnings. He will explain the necessity of, and obstacles to, inducing capital, technologies, and marketing from advanced companies in advanced countries; supporting R&D activities and education and training in weak sectors; and opening weak sectors to domestic and foreign competition.

Byongwon Bahk, a former senior South Korean government official, is the Korean Studies Program’s 2009-2010 Koret Fellow. During the past decade, he was in charge of the management of Korean macro-economic policy at the Ministry of Finance and Economy, including as vice minister. Most recently, he served in the Blue House as the senior economic advisor to President Lee Myung-bak. He received a BA and an MA in Law from Seoul National University, an MA in Industrial Engineering from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Korea, and an MA in Economics from University of Washington.

This event is supported by a generous grant from the Koret Foundation.

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Shorenstein APARC
Stanford University
Encina Hall E301
Stanford, CA 94305-6055

(650) 723-9744
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2009-10 Koret Fellow
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Byongwon Bahk, former Senior Advisor to President Lee Myung-bak of Korea, joined the Korean Studies Program as the recipient of the Koret Fellowship for 2009-10 academic year.

Mr. Bahk served as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Finance and Economy in Korea and was a senior advisor to President Lee Myung-bak briefly.  While at the Center, he will lead a reach project on economic affairs of Korea in relations to the U.S.

The Koret Fellowship, generously funded by the by Koret Foundation of San Francisco, was established at the Center in 2008 to bring leading professionals in Asia and the United States to Stanford to conduct research on contemporary U.S.-Korean relations, with the broad aim of fostering greater understanding and closer ties between the two countries.

Byongwon Bahk 2009-2010 Koret Fellow, Asia-Pacific Research Center Speaker
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